公司的责任形态论

公司是否可以独立地承担责任、公司对自己的债务承担的是有限责任还是无限责任历来是易引起争论的问题,本文从对公司的法人性、公司与股东的关系入手进行分析,认为公司对自己的债务承担的是独立的责任,公司对自己的债务可以承担有限责任也可以承担无限责任。     

Teenage childbearing: young sole mothers challenge the stereotypes

Teenage sole mothers in receipt of welfare benefits are seriously affected by systematic and radical restructuring of Aotearoa/New Zealand’s state welfare system since 2008. With few exceptions, the changes oblige beneficiaries to prioritise obtaining paid work. To address questions of how welfare changes and socio-cultural context in Aotearoa New Zealand are experienced by teenage mothers we conducted a narrative study of 10 young women’s stories of sole mothering as beneficiaries. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit young mothers who were attending, or had recently attended a specialist school for teen parents. Thematic analysis of interview narratives represented experiences of financial and social deprivation, negative stereotyping, stigma and resistance. In contrast to the government’s explicit goal of getting welfare recipients into paid employment, the teenage mothers in our study placed full-time mothering as their principal duty. They also acknowledged the material and social advantages of entering paid employment, and were committed to working but only when their child was ‘settled and ready’ – a decision they understood to be their responsibility.     

Leveraging the common and outsourcing the distinct: institutional difference and multinational company identity in emerging economies

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the challenges of outsidership faced by multinational companies (MNCs) accessing emerging economies. The paper departs from popular conceptualisations of culture drawing instead on social identity theory as part of an institutions-based view, to explain how employing a singularities approach can allow the identification of commonalities of Indianness and Australianness that can be leveraged to ameliorate negative socially embedded business norms that pose a challenge to MNC success in emerging economies. This study shows that despite recognised formal (regulatory) and informal (cultural) differences, managers of Australian MNCs operating in India were able to innovatively identify and exploit cultural commonalties/singularities to ease cultural adjustment and mitigate intergroup conflict, allowing them to achieve an innovative institutional fit. The paper discusses how, using this approach, sole-venture MNCs can access many of the benefits provided by collaborative entry modes while preserving MNC identity. We further propose that the singularities approach can provide a valuable starting point to develop culturally appropriate competence training initiatives.     

“文责”究竟由谁负——基于“文责自负”与“文责共负”的争论

阐述了关于“文责”由谁负的两种观点，结合在出版界引起争论的“文责”是“自负”还是“共负”问题，分析了对于“文责自负”和“文责共负”的认识误区，认为当出版或发表的作品出现错误或侵权问题时，作者与出版者或编辑者都应该对作品的“文责”负责，谁都不可能推卸责任，但各自所负的“文责”不是不分彼此的“共负”，而是在分清各自责任的基础上各负其责。在此基础上指出，编辑者要想尽量减少或避免“文责”，就必须恪守职责，严格把关。     

文责共负论

长期以来,出版界有个通行的提法--文责自负,但在著作权司法实践中,往往实行的是作者与出版者文责共负.这主要是因为在出版活动中,编辑与作者是法理上的合伙人,编辑参与了对作品精神价值的创造.文责应该共负,而且应该细分,归口追究.对各自应负和所侧重应负之责,究竟如何归口与追究,从而建立一个合理科学的归责体系,尚待有关专家的共同探讨.     

中国古代诗话及其汇编之体的承传

中国古代诗话的承传,主要体现在两大线索中:一、在单部诗话之体上,有"论诗及事"和"论诗及辞"之体的承传;二、在诗话汇编之体上,有分门类编之体和据人而编之体的承传.诗话体制的承传,从内在影响着我国古代诗话发展的走向,决定着古代诗话多方面价值的展开.     

论我国小区停车位的产权归属

小区停车位的产权归属,一直是开发商和业主的争议焦点。《中华人民共和国物权法》第七十四条将约定方式作为判断车位车库归属的依据,但是由于其理解上的困惑,仍然存在着发生纠纷的隐患。本文从楼房出卖前和楼房出卖后两个阶段来探讨小区停车位的产权归属,并提出了相关立法完善建议。     

论1948年《埃及民法典》之所有权制度的罗马法渊源

埃及在1948年颁发了以法国法为蓝本的新民法典,从而将本国的法律文化置于以罗马法为渊源的大陆法系之中。在法国法入侵以前,罗马法曾在埃及适用500余年,故罗马法对埃及的法律文化、特别是民法典的编纂影响深远。文章以该法典中所有权制度的相关条文为切入点,通过对制度的概念与限制以及取得与保护等方面的古今比较,来论述蕴含在1948《埃及民法典》中的罗马法基础和渊源。     

安徽省外商投资独资化经营原因分析

随着投资环境的改善和经济结构的调整，外商直接投资流向安徽的数量与规模不断增加。1984年外资企业首次进入安徽，直到1999年合资、合作经营一直是外资进入的最主要方式。从2000年开始，独资企业的实际投资金额开始迅速增加，首次超过合资企业。近几年安徽外商投资独资化经营的原因在于安徽省近几年采取的对外企政策法规稳定，减少了对独资企业的限制，并且政府政策兑现度高，优良的投资环境及市场引力，增加了外商的投资信心。同时，独资化经营解决了合资、合作企业管理中存在的问题。     

中国共产党农村土地政策的历史变迁及展望

我国农村土地政策的变迁围绕着以“所有权和经营权”为核心的产权制度展开,建党90年来的农村土地政策变迁相应经历了土地私人所有,农民自主经营;土地集体所有,集体统一经营;土地集体所有,衣户承包经营二三个阶段。当现行家庭承包制的制度效应逐渐释放完毕,新的弊端就暴露出来,全图上下对家庭承包制潜力的质疑和对土地政策彻底改进的讨论由此展歼,主要有上地国有水佃制、土地私有制、坚持和完善土地集体所有制三种观点。土地政策变迁的实践经验告诉我们,有限的农村土地资源只有与社会生产力水平相适应的土地政策相结合才能实现效益的最大化。未来的农地政策改革应围绕明晰农村土地集体所有权、建立农村土地流转市场、发展现代农业展开。